The collection of the Theatre Museum was gradually enriched by items which reflected the history of the Chamber Theatre. In 1917, Alexei Bakhrushin acquired the first work of Aleksandra Exter. In 1920, he bought 8 sketches of costumes for the play "Famira Citharode" and 29 sketches of costumes for "Salome". In 1923, Bakhrushin received 39 sketches of costumes for "Romeo and Juliet". The collection was enlarged by other artworks related to the Chamber Theatre: sketches and models by Alexandr Vesnin, Anatoly Arapov, Sergey Sudeykin, Nicholas Kalmakoff, the Stenberg brothers, and Georgy Yakulov.
A large part of the collection of the theatrical sketches drawn by the artists of the Chamber Theatre was formed after the transfer of the Chamber Theatre Collection to the Theatre Museum in 1949. The collection was forming for almost a hundred years: the first works were received in 1917, and a portrait of Alexandr Tairov by Natalia Goncharova was bought a few years ago.