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Rodchenko Alexander. 1891-1956
Rodchenko Alexander. 1891-1956
Biography
(1891-1956) Alexander Rodchenko, one of the founders of constructivism and Russian design, was born in Saint Petersburg in 1891. His father was a theater properties designer, so Alexander was surrounded by art from his early childhood. In 1911-1914, after moving to Kazan, Rodchenko attended Kazan Art School as a volunteer. In 1915, fascinated by futurism, he and his wife, artist Varvara Stepanova, moved to Moscow. In 1916, Rodchenko attended the Stroganov School for Technical Drawing. At that time he began to exhibit as a painter by taking part in the "Shop" exhibition, organized by Vladimir Tatlin. Apart from that, Rodchenko was also engaged in experimenting with painting, graphics and photography, while working as a photojournalist in newspapers and magazines. Vladimir Mayakovsky's poem "About This", published in 1923, was illustrated by Rodchenko's photomontage. The artist participated in groups LEF ("the Left Front of the Arts") and REF ("Revolutionary Front") (1923-1930), worked for the magazines LEF (1923-1925) and "New LEF" (1927-1928), and was a member of the OSA Group (Organization of Contemporary Architects) and ASNOVA ("Association of New Architects"). In 1920-1930, he taught students at the VKhUTEMAS. Rodchenko's first work in theater was to create costume designs for the unrealized performance "We" (based on the novel by Yevgeny Zamyatin, dramatized by Alexey Gan and directed by Sergei Eisenstein) at the Central Proletcult Studio. In 1929, he designed screenography for the performance "The Bedbug" (based on the play by Vladimir Mayakovsky and directed by Vsevolod Meyerhold) at the Meyerhold State Theatre. In 1931 Rodchenko created costume designs for the play "A Sixth Part of the World" for the Moscow Music Hall. In the A.A. Bakhrushin State Central Theatre Museum collection, we keep Alexander Rodchenko's sketches for the performances "We", "The Bedbug", and "A Sixth Part of the World", as well as one of the most famous photo portraits of Vladimir Mayakovsky, taken by Rodchenko.